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Copernicus was born in Torun, Poland, on February19, 1473. Little is known about his early life except that his father died when he was 10. An uncle adopted (收養) him, his two sisters, and his brother. The uncle saw to it that the two boys received a good education. Copernicus went to the University of Cracow. There he studied such subjects as Latin, mathematics, and astronomy. It was probably at that time that he changed his Polish name, Niklas Kopernigk, to the Latin form of Nicolaus Copernicus. In 1946 Copernicus went to Italy, where he spent the next 10 years studying at various universities.

In Copernicus’ time people still believed that all things—the sun, the stars, and the planets—moved around the earth. It was an old belief that few men had ever questioned. Aristotle had based his theory of astronomy on his belief. Because the Church had long been the center of learning, the theory was also linked to religious (宗教的) beliefs.

In 1506 Copernicus returned to his homeland. A few years later he began to work for the Church. All those years Copernicus carried on his work on astronomy. He had just the most basic equipment and, like other scientists of his day, made observations with only his eyes. Still, using mathematics and logic (邏輯)，Copernicus worked out a different theory, which held that the planets went around the sun.

Copernicus did not announce his ideas. He did not want to make trouble. But he could not hide the scientific truth. So he talked about his theory with his friends, who strongly advised him to have his work published. His great book. On the Revolution of the Heavenly Bodies appeared at the very end of his life. Copernicus saw the first copy on the day he died, May 24, 1543.

( )62. Which of the following is TRUE about Copernicus?

A. He had two brothers and a sister

B. He used to be called Niklas Kopernigk

C. He lost his father soon after he was born

D. He spent 10 years at the University of Cracow

( )63. From the passage we can see that astronomy is _____________.

A. the life experience of great men

B. the movement of the stars and the planets

C. the scientific study of natural objects in space

D. the theories developed by scientists of old times

( )64. Copernicus developed his theory ________.

A. using various telescopes 

B. based on Aristotle’s beliefs

C. through observations and reasoning

D. under the encouragement of his friends

( )65. The writer of the passage wants us to know that ______________.

A. Copernicus did not tell about his theory until the day of his death

B. for many years Copernicus dared to do nothing openly against the Church

C. pushed by his friends Copernicus decided to write a book in May1543

D. shortly before he got back to Poland Copernicus started to work for the Church

62.B 63.C 64.C 65.B

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